$re = '/(?<==).*?(?=&)/';
$str = 'https://www.google.com/url?q=http://www.site.net/file.doc&sa=U&ei=_YeOUc&ved=0CB&usg=AFQjCN-5OX';
preg_match($re, $str, $matches, PREG_OFFSET_CAPTURE, 0);
// Print the entire match result
var_dump($matches);
Please keep in mind that these code samples are automatically generated and are not guaranteed to work. If you find any syntax errors, feel free to submit a bug report. For a full regex reference for PHP, please visit: http://php.net/manual/en/ref.pcre.php